Last reviewed

Stablecoin & crypto-asset regulation

Brazil: stablecoin and crypto-asset regulation

Compiled by the TxFlows editorial team · Last reviewed 11 Jun 2026 · Editorial policy & sourcing

The 60-second version

Brazil already requires businesses and individuals to report stablecoin and other crypto-asset operations to the Receita Federal, and from July 2026 those reports move to the new DeCripto declaration. Most of these obligations bind the operator who moves the money, not their exchange. The hard part is keeping records you can stand behind.

Brazil is the clearest case in Latin America where stablecoin activity is already a recordkeeping obligation, not a someday-problem. If your business receives, pays, or holds USDT, USDC, or other crypto-assets, the Receita Federal already expects those operations to be reported — and from July 2026 the report moves to a new declaration called DeCripto.

The single most useful question to answer first is does a rule bind me, or my provider? Most of the headlines are about exchanges and custodians: the Banco Central do Brasil authorises and supervises them under Lei 14.478/2022. That is background for an operator. What binds the business that simply uses stablecoins is narrower and older — monthly reporting of operations done outside a Brazilian exchange above the current R$ 30,000 threshold (R$ 35,000 under DeCripto from July 2026), capital-gains treatment on disposals, and the annual return.

None of it works without records. A self-custody wallet and a block-explorer export show addresses and amounts; they do not show who was paid, what for, or what the transfer was worth in reais on the day it happened. That gap — between raw wallet activity and a record your accountant can review — is the work this page is honest about. It is reference material, not tax or legal advice; confirm every figure against the primary sources before you act.

Timeline

  1. Legal framework for virtual assets (Lei 14.478/2022)

    Lei 14.478/2022 defines virtual assets and virtual-asset service providers and sets the framework under which a federal regulator authorizes and supervises those providers.

  2. Taxation of assets held abroad (Lei 14.754/2023)

    Lei 14.754/2023 sets out how individuals are taxed on financial investments and assets held abroad, including crypto-assets held through offshore structures.

  3. DeCripto published (IN RFB 2.291/2025)

    The Receita Federal publishes Instrução Normativa RFB 2.291/2025, aligning crypto-asset reporting with the OECD Crypto-Asset Reporting Framework (CARF) and introducing the DeCripto declaration.

  4. Current reporting model in force through this date

    The existing crypto-asset reporting model, under IN RFB 1.888/2019, remains in effect through 30 June 2026.

  5. Reporting moves to DeCripto in e-CAC

    From July 2026, crypto-asset operations are reported through the DeCripto declaration in the Receita Federal e-CAC portal, which also raises the off-exchange monthly reporting threshold to R$ 35,000 (from R$ 30,000).

The rules, one by one

DeCripto — the crypto-asset declaration (IN RFB 2.291/2025)

From July 2026, crypto-asset operations are reported to the Receita Federal through the DeCripto declaration in the e-CAC portal, aligned with the OECD Crypto-Asset Reporting Framework. It updates — it does not remove — the obligation to report operations, and raises the off-exchange monthly reporting threshold to R$ 35,000.

Who it binds: Service providers (including providers abroad serving Brazil) and any business or individual transacting outside a Brazilian provider.

Monthly reporting of off-exchange operations (IN RFB 1.888/2019)

Under the current model (IN 1.888/2019, in force through June 2026), individuals and businesses must report crypto-asset operations to the Receita Federal when they transact outside a Brazilian exchange — through a provider abroad, peer-to-peer, or a self-custody wallet — and the month's operations exceed R$ 30,000 in total. Reports are due by the last business day of the following month.

Who it binds: The operator (individual or business), not their provider.

Capital-gains treatment and the R$ 35,000 monthly exemption

Gains on the disposal of crypto-assets are taxed as capital gains under progressive rates. Gains are exempt when total disposals in the month — across all crypto-asset types, in Brazil and abroad — stay at or below R$ 35,000. The exemption is on the gain, not on the obligation to keep records.

Who it binds: The individual realising the gain.

The annual income-tax return (Bens e Direitos)

Crypto-asset holdings are reported in the annual income-tax return under "Bens e Direitos", following the Receita Federal's crypto-asset guidance.

Who it binds: The individual or business holding the assets.

BCB framework for virtual-asset service providers

Under the Lei 14.478/2022 framework, the Banco Central do Brasil authorises and supervises virtual-asset service providers, and its 2025 rules set the prudential and authorisation requirements for them. These are provider rules; they are background for a business that simply uses stablecoins.

Who it binds: Virtual-asset service providers (exchanges, brokers, custodians) — not the businesses that use stablecoins.

What it means for your records

  • If you move stablecoins outside a Brazilian exchange — a provider abroad, a self-custody wallet, or peer-to-peer — and your monthly operations pass the current R$ 30,000 reporting threshold, the reporting obligation is yours, not a provider's. You need a monthly record you can stand behind.
  • A self-custody wallet or a block-explorer export shows addresses and amounts — not who was paid, what for, or the value in reais on the day each transfer happened. Those are exactly the details a monthly report and your accountant need.
  • From July 2026 the same operations are reported through DeCripto in the e-CAC portal. The records underneath — dates, counterparties, amounts, reais values, fees — do not change with the form they are filed on.
  • Capital-gains tax applies only once your monthly disposals pass R$ 35,000, but staying under a threshold still has to be shown with records, not assumed.
  • Provider rules — the BCB's authorisation and prudential framework — shape the exchanges and custodians you use; on their own they do not create a filing for a business that simply uses stablecoins. Knowing which rule binds you and which binds your provider is the difference between over- and under-reporting.

A readiness checklist

Getting ready is about records, not filings. A practical order:

  1. 1 Identify which wallets and accounts carry business stablecoin activity, and separate them from personal transfers.
  2. 2 For each transfer, capture the date, counterparty, purpose, amount, and the value in reais on that date.
  3. 3 Keep the network fees and a source link (the on-chain transaction) next to each record.
  4. 4 Total your off-exchange operations per month, so you know when you cross the monthly reporting line.
  5. 5 Agree with your accountant what the monthly report and the annual return need from you.

Questions

Does this bind me, or my provider?
The rules that make headlines mostly bind providers — exchanges, brokers, and custodians — not the businesses that use them. If you receive, pay, or hold stablecoins for your business, those are background. What binds you comes from the Receita Federal: reporting off-exchange operations above the current R$ 30,000 monthly threshold, capital-gains treatment on disposals, and the annual return.
When does DeCripto start?
The Receita Federal moves crypto-asset reporting to the DeCripto declaration, filed through the e-CAC portal, from July 2026. The current reporting model stays in effect through 30 June 2026.
Is the off-exchange reporting threshold changing?
Yes. Under the current model the off-exchange monthly reporting threshold is R$ 30,000; from July 2026 the DeCripto model raises it to R$ 35,000. This reporting threshold is separate from the R$ 35,000 monthly capital-gains exemption — the same figure, but a different rule.
Do I have to report a self-custody wallet?
If your crypto-asset operations happen outside a Brazilian exchange — including self-custody and peer-to-peer — and exceed the current R$ 30,000 monthly threshold, the operation must be reported to the Receita Federal, by you, by the last business day of the following month.
Is there a tax-free threshold?
Gains on disposals are exempt from capital-gains tax when your total disposals in the month stay at or below R$ 35,000, across all crypto-asset types in Brazil and abroad. Above that, gains are taxed at progressive rates. The exemption is on the gain, not on the reporting.
Is this tax advice?
No. This page is reference material compiled from primary sources — it is not tax or legal advice. Confirm any figure or deadline against the Receita Federal before you file, and work with a licensed accountant (contador).

Latest updates

No monitored updates yet. This page is maintained and re-reviewed on the date shown above.

Sources & methodology

Every figure on this page is tied to one of these primary sources. Confirm against them before you act.

  1. Atos referentes à DeCripto (IN RFB 2.291/2025) — Receita Federal — Receita Federal do Brasil
  2. RFB atualiza a regulamentação de criptoativos para o padrão CARF da OCDE — IN RFB nº 2.291, de 14 de novembro de 2025 — Receita Federal do Brasil
  3. Atos referentes à IN RFB 1.888/2019 (declaração de operações com criptoativos) — Receita Federal do Brasil
  4. Operações não sujeitas ao imposto sobre o ganho de capital — Receita Federal — Receita Federal do Brasil
  5. Criptoativos — orientação tributária da Receita Federal — Receita Federal do Brasil
  6. Lei nº 14.478, de 21 de dezembro de 2022 (marco legal dos ativos virtuais) — Presidência da República
  7. Lei nº 14.754, de 12 de dezembro de 2023 (tributação de aplicações no exterior) — Presidência da República
  8. Regulação de prestadoras de serviços de ativos virtuais — Banco Central do Brasil — Banco Central do Brasil

Disclaimer

This page is reference material compiled from primary sources (Receita Federal, Planalto, Banco Central do Brasil), reviewed on the date shown. It is not tax or legal advice, and TxFlows is not an accountant, an exchange, or a tax-filing service. Brazilian rules change and individual situations differ — confirm every figure against the primary source and work with a licensed accountant (contador) before you act.

All regulation guides Editorial policy & sourcing